Warm-Up: Do three minutes of cardio before your arm routine to increase your heart rate, loosen your muscles, and help avoid injury. Jumping rope, climbing stairs, and walking on a treadmill are great options. Once your torso begins generating a little heat, do two sets of 24 small (about five inches in diameter) arm circles to warm up your biceps, triceps, and shoulder muscles. Move your arms forward for the first set, backward for the second set.

Cooldown: Stretch the muscles you just worked to reduce soreness and maximize flexibility. Sit in a chair, extend your arms in front of you, one over the other, and clasp your hands to stretch out your biceps. Switch arms and repeat. Then bend forward and clasp your hands behind your back. Lift them gently for a deep stretch in the triceps.

Tip: If you don’t have hand weights, use cans of food or water bottles filled with sand or uncooked rice.